Read 16:1-28.  Compare it with Leviticus 4:1-5:13.  How is the sin offering of the Day of Atonement similar to the regular sin offerings that occurred throughout the year?  How is it different?

16:6-14 clarifies that the high priest has to bring a sin offering for himself first (a bull), before he can bring the sin offering on behalf of the people (a goat).  Why is this necessary?  Why is it  important?  How does it highlight the superiority of Christ’s sacrifice on our behalf?  (See also Hebrews 7:26-28, 9:11-28)

Why does the high priest sprinkle blood around the Most Holy Place, and the tabernacle, and the altar outside?  (16:14-19, Hebrews 9:19-22)

Why do you think that God instructs the high priest to lay his hands on the goat, and to confess the sins of the people over it?  (16:20-22)

Define “Penal Substitutionary Atonement”.  Why is it such an important doctrine in Christian theology?  How does the sacrifice on the Day of Atonement (as well as all of the ordinary sacrifices from Leviticus 1-7) represent and illustrate this doctrine?

Define “Propitiation”.  Why is it such an important doctrine in Christian theology?  How does the first goat on the Day of Atonement (17:15-19) represent and illustrate this doctrine?

Define “Expiation”.  Why is it such an important doctrine in Christian theology?  How does the second goat on the Day of Atonement (17:20-22) represent and illustrate this doctrine?

Why are both concepts (propitiation and expiation) necessary to have a full understanding of the doctrine of Penal Substitutionary Atonement?  Why is the doctrine of Penal Substitutionary Atonement so essential to the gospel of Jesus Christ?

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